SDL Research Hub
Examining student perceptions of school climate, school personnel, and school discipline: Evidence from New York City
“Improving school climate is important to reducing disparities in exclusionary discipline, yet the relationship between school climate and school discipline remains poorly understood. Although prior studies have largely relied on students' perceptions to measure school climate, few studies have examined how school contextual factors such as prior disciplinary history or school personnel may affect students' perception of school climate.”
The Use of Out of School Suspensions: Prevalence by Race and Region
“Black students experience the highest rates of OSS exclusion of any racial or ethnic group across all four regions.”
In-School as the Suspension of Choice: Nationwide Prevalence
“Hence we start the state of school discipline with a look at the overall and race-specific prevalence of ISS across the South, West, Midwest, and Northeast.”
Beating the School Discipline Odds: Conceptualizing and Examining Inclusive Disciplinary Schools in New York City
“Racial inequality in school discipline is a salient challenge in the United States. Using New York City as a case, this study examines inclusive disciplinary schools (IDS) or schools that have “beat the school discipline odds”. IDS, median disciplinary schools (MDS), and high disciplinary schools (HDS) have vastly different exclusionary discipline rates for Black and Latinx students (both suspensions and office discipline referrals). “